This list is from 2015. Unless you're here to reminisce about last year's holiday season, you're probably looking for our giant list of 2016 events.Acts 1. 7 Commentary | Precept Austin. Acts. 17: 1 Now when they had passed through Amphipolis and Apollonia, they came to Thessalonica, where was a synagogue of the Jews: Context of Paul's Three Missionary Journeys: BE SURE TO CONSULT THESE EXCELLENT MAPS: Paul's 1st Missionary Journey (Begins in Acts 1. ![]()
John Kitto - Daily Bible Illustrations - Thessalonians and Bereans—Acts 17:1–15 It appears probable that Luke and Timothy, not having been involved in the late. ![]() ![]() Map Paul's 2nd Missionary Journey (Begins in Acts 1. Map. Paul's 3rd Missionary Journey (Begins in Acts 1. Map. They - Who is they? For one thing, it appears Luke is now not with them (we changed to they) and also Timothy is not mentioned again until Acts 1. Philippi. Clearly, however the believers at Thessalonica must have known him or about him (cf 1. Thes 3: 2- 6). Traveled through (diodeuo from dia = through + hodeuo = to travel from hodos = way) means literally to make one's way through, to go through or to travel through a place. To take the road through. They undoubtedly took the Roman "superhighway" of the day, the Via Egnatia stretching from the Aegean coast of northern Macedonia to the western coast (in modern Albania) along the Adriatic Sea. Amphipolis and Apollonia - Traveling SW from Philippi along the Egnatian Way Amphipolis was about 3. Philippi, and Apollonia another 3. Forty miles beyond Apollonia was Thessalonica. Why Paul hurried through these two large cities (if he did) we do not know but it is surmised he did so because they had no synagogue. Following the famous Via Egnatia (Map of the Via Egnatia, Picture of the preserved pavement), Paul and Silas went 1. Philippi to Thessalonica. They came to Thessalonica (See notes and pictures) - The city of Thessalonica, located on the Via Egnatia, was 2. Adriatic coast, about halfway along the Via Egnatia. It had become a “free city” in 4. B. C. and with its warm springs (Thermae) and public buildings around a market place (Agora), linked to a stoa, it was one of the most heavily populated cites of the area. This city was the capital of the province of Macedonia and had a population of some 2. Robertson below). It was a major seaport city and an important commercial center, rivaled only by Corinth in this area of the world. Thessalonica was located on several important trade routes, and it boasted an excellent harbor. The city was predominantly Greek, even though it was controlled by Rome. Thessalonica was a “free city,” which meant that it had an elected citizens’ assembly, it could mint its own coins, and it had no Roman garrison within its walls. A T Robertson - There was a synagogue here in this great commercial city, still an important city called Saloniki, of 7. It was originally called Therma, at the head of the Thermaic Gulf. Cassander renamed it Thessalonica after his wife, the sister of Alexander the Great. It was the capital of the second of the four divisions of Macedonia and finally the capital of the whole province. It shared with Corinth and Ephesus the commerce of the Aegean. One synagogue shows that even in this commercial city the Jews were not very numerous. As a political centre it ranked with Antioch in Syria and Caesarea in Palestine. It was a strategic centre for the spread of the gospel as Paul later said for it sounded (echoed) forth from Thessalonica throughout Macedonia and Achaia (1 Thessalonians 1: 8). Acts 1. 7 - Word Pictures in the New Testament)NET Note - Thessalonica (modern Salonica) was a city in Macedonia about 3. Apollonia. It was the capital of Macedonia. The road they traveled over was called the Via Egnatia (Map of the Via Egnatia, Picture of the preserved pavement). It is likely they rode horses, given their condition in Philippi. The implication of Acts 1. Barclay - The first verse of this chapter is an extraordinary example of economy of writing. It sounds like a pleasant stroll; but in point of fact Philippi was 3. Roman miles from Amphipolis; Amphipolis was 3. Apollonia; and Apollonia was 3. Thessalonica. A journey of over 1. Acts 1. 7 - William Barclay's Daily Study Bible)Synagogue of the Jews (See notes) - Paul established the custom of preaching to the Jews first (Ro 1: 1. Pisidian Antioch, Acts 1. Iconium Acts 1. 4: 1; in Thessalonica Acts 1. Berea Acts 1. 7: 1. Athens Acts 1. 7: 1. Corinth Acts 1. 8: 4, in Ephesus Acts 1. Jew, to speak from the Scriptures and introduce the gospel of the Messiah. Furthermore, if he had preached to Gentiles first, the Jews would never have listened to him, their distaste for the Gentiles being so great. Synagogue - see comments below on Acts 1. NET Note - As synagogue was a place for Jewish prayer and worship, with recognized leadership (cf. Luke 8: 4. 1). Though the origin of the synagogue is not entirely clear, it seems to have arisen in the postexilic community during the intertestamental period. A town could establish a synagogue if there were at least ten men. In normative Judaism of the NT period, the OT scripture was read and discussed in the synagogue by the men who were present (see the Mishnah, m. Megillah 3–4; m. Berakhot 2). Wiersbe comments on the strategic importance of Thessalonica noting - Not only was it the capital of Macedonia, but it was also a center for business, rivaled only by Corinth. It was located on several important trade routes, and it boasted an excellent harbor. The city was predominantly Greek, even though it was controlled by Rome. Thessalonica was a ? Roman garrison within its walls. John Kitto - Daily Bible Illustrations - Thessalonians and Bereans—Acts 1. It appears probable that Luke and Timothy, not having been involved in the late transactions, were, for the benefit of the infant church, left behind at Philippi; or, at least, that they did not attend Paul and Silas from that place. Timothy, however, joined them soon, either at Thessalonica or Berea; but we do not again find Luke the companion of Paul, until four or five years after, when he left Greece on his final recorded visit to Jerusalem. This is inferred from his dropping the first person with Acts 1. Acts 2. 0: 5–6. If the plural sign be good to indicate Luke’s presence, the want of it must be no less good to show his absence. The destination of Paul and Silas was Thessalonica, nearly a hundred miles west from Philippi, and the chief city of the second part of Macedonia. To this place they pursued the usual course by way of Amphipolis and Apollonia, cities about thirty miles apart, and nearly equidistant between Philippi and Thessalonica. As nothing is recorded of their proceedings, it is probable that they merely passed a night at each of these places on their way. Amphipolis was then a large commercial city, but both it and Apollonia are now in ruins. Thessalonica was a far more important place, rich and populous, with a very large proportion of Jews among its inhabitants. They were, as usual, attracted by the commercial advantages of the place; and the same attraction has secured to the city an extraordinarily large Israelitish population down to the present day, when, of its seventy thousand inhabitants, more than one- half are of the Hebrew race. This population renders it the third city of the Ottoman empire in Europe. It still preserves its ancient name, in the contracted form of Salonica; and rising up the slope of a hill upon the shore, presents, from the sea, an imposing appearance, which is not sustained by a nearer examination. Paul and Silas remained here for three or four weeks, preaching not merely in the synagogues on the Sabbath- day, but teaching daily from house to house. As was his wont with Jewish congregations, Paul “reasoned with them out of the Scriptures; ” proving first that the promised Messiah, whoever he was, must needs have suffered and risen from the dead; and then proceeding to declare that the Jesus whom he preached was that Messiah. The effect upon the different classes of hearers is pointedly indicated. Some of them (the born Hebrews) believed and consorted with Paul and Silas, and of the devout Greeks a great multitude, and of the chief women not a few.” It would thus appear, as Paul’s own epistles to the Thessalonians intimate, that the basis of the church formed at this place was Gentile. From these epistles we gather some indications of his proceedings, which the Acts of the Apostles does not supply. It was here particularly that Paul manifested a marked carefulness in avoiding all appearance of living upon other men’s labors, as if he made a gain of godliness; while he felt and avowed that those who ministered in spiritual things had a right to a subsistence from those among whom they labored.
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Download the free trial version below to get started. Double-click the downloaded file to install the software. · منتديات القرصان - الخريطه. اضغط هنا للعوده الى منتديات القرصان. منتديات القرصان - أقسام. Top VIdeos. Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /srv/users/serverpilot/apps/jujaitaly/public/index.php on line 447. Watch Movies Online Free in HD at Watch. Facing Extinction.. Documentary. 20. 17 City of Ghosts. ![]() Documentary,War. 19. Death Blow: A Cry .. Drama,Thriller. 20. ![]() Twitterphoria. Comedy,Short. Love, Sweat and Te.. Documentary. 20. 17 Cabin 2. Horror. 20. 17 A Witches' Bal. Family. 20. 17 Knights of the Dam.. Action,Fantasy,Horror. The Department. Romance,Thriller. Everything Before .. Drama,Romance. 20. The Way He Looks. Drama. 20. 17 Nothing to Hide. Documentary. 20. 17 Kamen Raidâ à Su.. Action. 20. 17 Teach Us All. Documentary,History. Signed, Sealed Del.. Drama,Family,Mystery. Our Shining Days. Drama,Music. 19. 81 Lunch Wagon. Comedy,Crime,Romance. American Angels: B.. Action,Adventure,Drama. Fleetwood Mac: Don.. Documentary. 19. 37 Every Days a Holid.. Install on Linux and Initial Configurations. This section describes how to install Soft. Ether VPN Server to a Linux operating system. This assumes that in the Linux operating system, no extra application software is installed after performing a clean install of the system. This also assumes that, as a basic rule, the firewall and similar functions included in the Linux distribution are not being used, and that the function for blocking communication to TCP/IP ports from the outside (firewall function) is disabled. Recommended System. Recommended Operating System Configuration. ![]() Tabtight professional, free when you need it, VPN service. The Red Cross is probably the best-known emergency relief organization in the country—but they’re not necessarily the best. Accusations of mismanagement have. What is JNC (Juniper Network Connect)? Network Connect is a software package from Juniper Networks that interfaces with its Secure Access hardware and provides a. A virtual private network (VPN) is a private data network that makes use of the public telecommunication infrastructure(Internet), maintaining privacy thro. Cisco's popular VPN Client for 32Bit Windows operating systems. VPN Client version: 5.0.07.0.410-k9 Useful Cisco VPN related articles W. The Linux version of Soft. Ether VPN Server can operate in most cases on platforms with Linux kernel 2. Soft. Ether VPN Project recommends only those environments using the following Linux distributions. As of the time of writing this manual, this is the recommended environment; however, this may change to higher specifications in the future.)Red Hat Enterprise Linux. Fedora. Cent. OSFor more information about the system requirements, please refer to Specifications. The descriptions for installing Soft. Ether VPN Server in this chapter are based on the use of one of the above operating systems and the fact that VPN Server will be installed to the newly created directory /usr/local/vpnserver/. Installing Linux. For Linux distribution, support is only provided for environments where a clean installation of the system was performed with one of the following methods. Perform a clean installation of Linux. Avoid cases where inconsistencies may occur, such as in the libraries after upgrading from an earlier version of Linux. When creating a partition on the hard disk, be sure to allocate sufficient disk space to the partition with the /usr/ directory. The examples in the descriptions below are based on VPN Server being installed to /usr/local/vpnserver/. In addition, we recommend allocating sufficient disk space to the partition to allow VPN Server to write log files to the same directory. At the stage of selecting components to be installed, at the minimum, the development tools (compiler, etc.) and development libraries are installed at the same time. When installing VPN Server, the make and gccbinutils utilities and the libc (glibc), zlib, openssl, readline, and ncurses development library versions (also called devel) are required. After installing the operating system, update to the latest Linux kernel (2. Because there are problems in the parallel and synchronous processing of the kernel included in the initial install of Linux, the operations of VPN Server may become unstable. Be sure to update the kernel. Complete the installation of the program with the firewall and SELinux functions disabled. After confirming that VPN Server is properly installed, you can enable these functions only if necessary. Selecting the Installation Mode. As described in 3. Operating System Requirements and 3. Operating Modes, Soft. Ether VPN Server can be operated in either service mode or user mode. When configuring VPN Server for use as part of an everyday operation system in a company, we recommend installing Soft. Ether VPN Server in service mode. To install the VPN Server program to the system in service mode on a Linux operating system, you must register the vpnserver program as a daemon program in the Linux startup script. Checking the Required Software and Libraries. The following software and libraries are required to install VPN Server to a Linux operating system. Check that the following software and libraries are installed to the system and are enabled. If the recommended environment distribution is installed using the method specified in 7. EUC- JP, UTF- 8 or other code page table for use in a Japanese language environmentlibc (glibc) libraryzlib libraryopenssl libraryreadline libraryncurses librarypthread library. Extracting the Package. Preparing the Installer File. To install VPN Server, you need to prepare the file containing the VPN Server program (package file compressed with tar. You can download the latest VPN Server installer file from the Soft. Ether VPN Project website (http: //www. Extracting the Package File for Installation. Extract the package file for installation using the tar command. Copy the tar. gz file to a directory and extract the file as follows.[root@machine root]# tar xzvf vpnserver- 5. Makefile. vpnserver/libssl. License_Read. Me. First. txt. vpnserver/License_Read. Me. First. Utf. txt. License_Read. Me. First. Sjis. txt. When the package is extracted, the directory "vpnserver" is created in the working folder, and the required installation files are extracted. Creating an Executable File. Executing a make. To install VPN Server, you must execute a make and create a vpnserver executable file. First, go to the vpnserver directory extracted in the previous subsection and type [make]. Next, the message "Do you want to read the License Agreement for this software?" is displayed. Select [1] to continue.[root@machine vpnserver]# make./. Do you want to read the License Agreement for this software ? Yes. 2. No. Please choose one of above number: 1. Next, the end- user license agreement is displayed. Please read and understand the license agreement. The license agreement is displayed over several pages, so use a terminal emulator or SSH client software with a scroll function to view the entire license agreement. If you are unable to read the entire license agreement, press Ctrl + C to cancel the make, and then use a text editor to directly open and view the contents of the text file with the license agreement located in the vpnserver directory. At the end of the license agreement, the message "Did you read and understand the License Agreement?" is displayed. If you read and understood the license agreement, select [1]. EULA Did you read and understand the License Agreement ?(If you couldn't read above text, Please read License_Read. Me. txtfile with any text editor.)1. Yes. 2. No. Please choose one of above number: 1. Next, the message "Do you agree to the License Agreement?" is displayed. If you agree to the license agreement, select [1]. Did you agree the License Agreement ? Agree. 2. Do Not Agree. Please choose one of above number: 1. Once you agree to the license agreement, the vpnserver program is automatically created. Entering directory `/root/vpnserver'. Leaving directory `/root/vpnserver'. If an error occurs during this process, creation of the vpnserver program fails. In this case, see 7. VPN Server Location. After the vpnserver program is created, we recommend moving the vpnserver directory, which is created when the package is extracted, to the /usr/local/ directory. Use the following method to move the vpnserver directory to /usr/local/. The operations hereafter must be performed as a root user.[root@machine vpnserver]# cd .. License_Read. Me. First. txt*. - rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 2. License_Read. Me. First. Sjis. txt*. License_Read. Me. First. Utf. txt*. Makefile*. - rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4. Confirm that all of the files are moved to the /usr/local/vpnserver/ directory, as shown above. If the user does not have root permissions, the files in the vpnserver directory cannot be read, so change and protect the permissions.[root@machine root]# cd /usr/local/vpnserver/. License_Read. Me. First. txt. - rw- -- -- -- 1 root root 2. License_Read. Me. First. Sjis. txt. License_Read. Me. First. Utf. txt. - rw- -- -- -- 1 root root 6. Makefile. - rw- -- -- -- 1 root root 4. This completes the changing of the location of the vpnserver program. Using the vpncmd Check Command to Check Operations. We recommend performing a final check to see whether VPN Server can operate properly on your computer system before starting vpnserver. You can use the check command on the vpncmd command line management utility to automatically check whether the system has sufficient functions to operate VPN Server. For details, please refer to 6. VPN Tools Command Reference. First, start vpncmd by typing [./vpncmd]. Release Notes for VPN Client, Release 4. Cisco VPN Client]Table Of Contents. Release Notes for VPN Client, Release 4. Contents. Introduction. System Requirements. Installation Notes. Installation Notes - Windows Platforms. Installing the VPN Client Software Using Install. Shield. Installing the VPN Client Software Using the MSI Installer. Installation Notes - Solaris Platforms. Uninstall an Older VPN Client If Present on a Solaris Platform. Disable the ipfilter Firewall Kernel Module Before Installing the VPN Client on a Solaris Platform. Using the VPN Client. New Features in Release 4. About Version Numbers. New Features in Release 4. Linux)New Feature in Release 4. Mac OS X)New Feature in Release 4. Windows. Auto. Initiation Enhancement for Windows VPN Client. New Features in Release 4. Linux. Support for Solaris 1. Firewall Configuration for the VPN Client for Linux with Virtual Adapter. New Features in Release 4. Mutual Group Authentication Automatic Updates Browser Proxy Configuration VPN Client API Support Connect on Open Section 5. Accessibility Compliance. Maximum Preshared Key Length is 1. Characters. Benign Connection Message Removed. Initialization Status Splash Screen Display - - Changed Requirements. New Command Line Argument Allows Minimization on Startup. API for Cisco VPN Client. Usage Notes. Potential Application Compatibility Issues. No Support for ipdptp Dialup Interface on Solaris. Windows Interoperability Issues. DNSNetwork Interfaces. Network ICE Black. ICE Defender Configuration. Microsoft Outlook Error Occurs on Connection or Disconnect. Adjusting the Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) Value - Windows Only. Asante FR3. 00. 4 Cable/DSL Routers Require Asante Firmware Version 2. Later. Using Nexland Cable/DSL Routers for Multiple Client Connections. Cert DN Matching Cannot Match on Email Field EAVPN Dialer Application Can Load During OS Shutdown or Restart. America Online (AOL) Interoperability Issues. Browser Interoperability Issues. Entrust Entelligence Issues Accessing Online Glossary Requires Connection to Cisco. Zone. Alarm Plus Versions 3. Earlier Are Incompatible with VPN Client. Zone. Labs Automatically Adds Loopback and VPN 3. Concentrator Addresses to Trusted Zone for Windows NT PCs. Upgrading Zone- Alarm Pro to Version 3. Causes Error When VPN Client Is Already Installed on the PCHarmless Warning Might Occur with Linux Kernel 2. DHCP Route Renewal in Windows 2. Windows XPSolaris Client Using Routed RIP Might Lose Connectivity. Data Meant for Private Network Stays Local if VPN Client's Local Network Is on Same IP Subnet as Remote Private Network. DNS Server on Private Network with Split DNS Causes Problems. VPN Client Supports Sygate Personal Firewall V. Build 1. 17. 5The 4. VPN Client Is Not Supported on Windows 9. VPN Client Not Supported on Windows NT Servers. No Limit to Size of Log File. Start Before Logon and Microsoft Certificate with Private Key Protect Fails. Downgrading VPN Client from Release 4. Causes Start Before Logon Failure. Linksys Wireless AP Cable/DSL Router Version 1. Higher Firmware Requirement. VPN Client Can Require Smart Card When Using Certificates. Mutual Group Authentication Requires a CA Certificate. VPN Client GUI Connection History Display Lists Certificate Used. Use Zone Labs Integrity Server 2. Higher with VPN Client 4. Restart VPN Client Service If You Install VPN Client Before Zone Alarm. Install. Shield Error Might occur during VPN Client Installation. VPN Client c. TCP Connection Fails If Checkpoint Client Is Installed. Open Caveats Resolved Caveats. Caveats Resolved in All VPN Clients. Caveats Resolved in Release 4. Caveats Resolved in Release 4. Caveats Resolved in Release 4. Caveats Resolved in Release 4. Caveats Resolved in VPN Clients for Windows, Caveats Resolved in VPN Client for Windows, Release 4. Caveats Resolved in VPN Client for Windows, Release 4. Caveats Resolved in VPN Client for Windows, Release 4. Caveats Resolved in VPN Client for Windows, Release 4. Caveats Resolved in VPN Client for Windows, Release 4. Caveats Resolved in VPN Clients for Linux. Caveats Resolved in VPN Client for Linux, Release 4. Caveats Resolved in VPN Client for Linux, Release 4. Caveats Resolved in VPN Clients for Solaris. Caveats Resolved in VPN Client for Solaris, Release 4. Caveats Resolved in VPN Client for Solaris, Release 4. Caveats Resolved in VPN Clients for Mac OS XCaveats Resolved in VPN Client for Mac OS X, Release 4. Caveats Resolved in VPN Client for Mac OS X, Release 4. Caveats Resolved in VPN Client for Mac OS X, Release 4. Caveats Resolved in VPN Client for Mac OS X, Release 4. Documentation Updates. Related Documentation. Release Notes for VPN Client, Release 4. Updated May 2. 2, 2. These release notes support Cisco VPN Client software Release 4. Windows, Macintosh, Linux, and Solaris. Release 4. 6. 0. 0. VPN Client 4. 6 release. Please refer to About Version Numbers for information about the new version numbering scheme. These release notes describe new features, limitations and restrictions, caveats, and related documentation. Please read the release notes carefully prior to installation. The section, "Usage Notes," describes interoperability considerations and other issues you should be aware of when installing and using the VPN Client. Introduction. System Requirements. Installation Notes. New Features in Release 4. Usage Notes. Open Caveats. Resolved Caveats. Documentation Updates. Related Documentation. The VPN Client is an application that runs on a Microsoft® Windows®- based PC, a Sun ultra. SPARC workstations, a Linux desktop, or a Macintosh (Mac) personal computer that meets the system requirements stated in the next section. In this document, the term "PC" applies generically to all these computers, unless specified otherwise. The VPN Client on a remote PC, communicating with a Cisco VPN device at an enterprise or service provider, creates a secure connection over the Internet that lets you access a private network as if you were an on- site user. This secure connection is a Virtual Private Network (VPN). System Requirements. Refer to Chapter 2, "Installing the VPN Client," in the Cisco VPN Client User Guide for Windows or Cisco VPN Client User Guide for Mac OS X, as appropriate for your platform, for a complete list of system requirements and installation instructions. To install the VPN Client on any system, you need. CD- ROM drive (if you are installing from CD- ROM). Administrator privileges. The following table indicates the system requirements to install the VPN Client on each of the supported platforms. Operating System. Computer with a Pentium®- class processor or greater. Microsoft TCP/IP installed. Confirm via Start > Settings > Control Panel > Network > Protocols or Configuration.). MB hard disk space. MB for Windows XP (2. MB recommended). –6. MB for Windows 2. MB recommended). Computer with and Intel x. Red. Hat Version 6. Linux (Intel), or compatible libraries with glibc Version 2. Versions 2. 2. 1. Note The VPN Client does not support SMP (multiprocessor) or 6. MB hard disk space. Sun Ultra. SPARC computer. Solaris kernel OS Version 2. MB hard disk space. Macintosh computer. Mac OS X, Version 1. MB hard disk space. PPC only. None of the Release 4. Mac OS X on Intel processors. Note VPN Client does not support Windows NT, 9. ME. The VPN Client supports the following Cisco VPN devices. Cisco VPN 3. 00. 0 Series Concentrator, Version 3. Using IPsec over TCP requires VPN 3. Series Concentrator version 3. Cisco PIX Firewall, Version 6. Version 6. 3(1). •Cisco IOS Routers, Version 1. T and later. If you are using Internet Explorer, use version 5. Service Pack 2 or higher. Installation Notes. The following tables list the files included in each release. Windows client MSI installer. Windows client IS installer. GUI- k. 9. dmg. Mac OS X installer. Z. Solaris package. VPN 3. 0xx Concentrator code. VPN 3. 00. 5 Concentrator code. VPN Client Auto. Update package. Because of platform differences, the installation instructions for Windows and non- Windows platforms also differ. Latest Topics | ZDNet. Commodity hardware makes possible massive 1. Google. What if you want a lot of cycles but don't have a few million dollars to spend? Think Raspberry Pi. Robin Harris in Storage. ![]() Tools for Pentesters. Compilation. Toxy. HTTP proxy. failure scenarios. It was mainly designed for fuzzing/evil testing purposes, when toxy becomes particularly useful to cover fault tolerance and resiliency capabilities of a system, especially in. Mit. M proxy among services. HTTP flow as you need, performing multiple evil actions in the middle of that process, such as limiting the bandwidth, delaying TCP packets, injecting network jitter latency or replying with a custom error or status code. It operates only at L7 (application level). It was built on top of. HTTP proxy, and it's also. Requires node. js +0. Full- featured HTTP/S proxy (backed by. Hackable and elegant programmatic API (inspired on connect/express). Admin HTTP API for external management and dynamic configuration. Featured built- in router with nested configuration. Hierarchical and composable poisoning with rule based filtering. Hierarchical middleware layer (both global and route scopes). Easily augmentable via middleware (based on connect/express middleware). Supports both incoming and outgoing traffic poisoning. Built- in poisons (bandwidth, error, abort, latency, slow read..). Rule- based poisoning (probabilistic, HTTP method, headers, body..). Supports third- party poisons and rules. Built- in balancer and traffic interceptor via middleware. Inherits API and features from. Compatible with connect/express (and most of their middleware). Able to run as standalone HTTP proxy. There're some other similar solutions like. Furthermore, the majority of the those solutions only operates at TCP L3 level stack instead of providing high- level abstractions to cover common requirements in the specific domain and nature of the HTTP L7 protocol, like toxy tries to provide. HTTP protocol primitives easily. Via its built- in hierarchical domain specific middleware layer you can easily augment toxy features to your own needs. HTTP transaction (e. One HTTP transaction can be poisoned by one or multiple poisons, and those poisons can be also configured to infect both global or route level traffic. HTTP request/response in order to determine, given a certain rules, if the HTTP transaction should be poisioned or not (e. Rules can be reused and applied to both incoming and outgoing traffic flows, including different scopes: global, route or poison level. Incoming request ) ↓. Toxy Router | ↓ - > Match the incoming request. Incoming phase | ↓ - > The proxy receives the request from the client. Exec Rules | | ↓ - > Apply configured rules for the incoming request. Exec Poisons | | ↓ - > If all rules passed, then poison the HTTP flow. HTTP dispatcher | ↓ - > Forward the HTTP traffic to the target server, either poisoned or not. Outgoing phase | ↓ - > Receives response from target server. Exec Rules | | ↓ - > Apply configured rules for the outgoing request. Exec Poisons | | ↓ - > If all rules passed, then poison the HTTP flow before send it to the client. Send to the client ) ↓ - > Finally, send the request to the client, either poisoned or not. Create a new toxy proxy. One of the several brave robots to make one-way trips into Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant’s severely damaged reactors has accomplished what its less. Google is compensated by these merchants. Payment is one of several factors used to rank these results. Tax and shipping costs are estimates. To run: require libcurl-dev or libcurl-devel(on rpm linux based) $ git clone https://github.com/CoolerVoid/0d1n/ need libcurl to run $ sudo apt-get install libcurl-dev. ![]() CVE (version 20061101) and Candidates as of 20170926 Candidates must be reviewed and accepted by the CVE Editorial Board before they can be added to the official CVE. ![]() Default server to forward incoming traffic. Register global poisons and rules. Register multiple routes. Rule(rules. headers({'Authorization': /^Bearer (.*)$/i })). Infect outgoing traffic only (after the server replied properly). Poison(poisons. bandwidth({ bps: 5. Rule(rules. method('GET')). Rule(rules. time. Threshold({ duration: 1. Rule(rules. response. Status({ range: [ 2. Limit({ limit: 1. Rule(rules. method(['POST', 'PUT', 'DELETE'])). And use a different more permissive poison for GET requests. Limit({ limit: 5. Rule(rules. method('GET')). Handle the rest of the traffic. Close({ delay: 1. Read({ bps: 1. 28 })). Rule(rules. probability(5. Server listening on port: ', 3. Test it: ', 'http: //localhost: 3. Poisons host specific logic which intercepts and mutates, wraps, modify and/or cancel an HTTP transaction in the proxy server. Poisons can be applied to incoming or outgoing, or even both traffic flows. Poisons can be composed and reused for different HTTP scenarios. They are executed in FIFO order and asynchronously. Poisoning scopes. HTTP traffic received by the proxy server, regardless of the HTTP method or path. HTTP verb and URI path. Poisons can be plugged to both scopes, meaning you can operate with better accuracy and restrict the scope of the poisoning. Poisoning phases. Poisons can be plugged to incoming or outgoing traffic flows, or even both. This means, essentially, that you can plug in your poisons to infect the HTTP traffic. HTTP server or sent to the client. This allows you apply a better and more accurated poisoning based on the request or server response. For instance, given the nature of some poisons, like. Built- in poisons. Poisoning Phase. incoming / outgoing. Reaches the server. Infects the HTTP flow injecting a latency jitter in the response. Jitter value in miliseconds. Random jitter maximum value. Random jitter minimum value. Or alternatively using a random value. Inject response. Poisoning Phase. Reaches the server. Injects a custom response, intercepting the request before sending it to the target server. Useful to inject errors originated in the server. Response HTTP status code. Default. - Optional headers to send. Optional body data to send. It can be a. - Body encoding. Default to. toxy. Content- Type': 'application/json'}. Poisoning Phase. incoming / outgoing. Reaches the server. Limits the amount of bytes sent over the network in outgoing HTTP traffic for a specific time frame. This poison is basically an alias to. Amount of chunk of bytes to send. Default. - Packets time frame in miliseconds. Default. toxy. poison(toxy. Poisoning Phase. incoming / outgoing. Reaches the server. Limits the amount of requests received by the proxy in a specific threshold time frame. Designed to test API limits. Exposes typical. X- Rate. Limit- *. Note that this is very simple rate limit implementation, indeed limits are stored in- memory, therefore are completely volalite. There're a bunch of featured and consistent rate limiter implementations in. You might be also interested in. Total amount of requests. Default to. - Limit time frame in miliseconds. Default to. - Optional error message when limit is reached. HTTP status code when limit is reached. Default to. toxy. Limit({ limit: 5, threshold: 1. Poisoning Phase. Reaches the server. Reads incoming payload data packets slowly. Only valid for non- GET request. Packet chunk size in bytes. Default to. - Limit threshold time frame in miliseconds. Default to. toxy. Read({ chunk: 2. 04. Poisoning Phase. Reaches the server. Delays the HTTP connection ready state. Delay connection in miliseconds. Default to. toxy. Open({ delay: 2. 00. Poisoning Phase. incoming / outgoing. Reaches the server. Delays the HTTP connection close signal (EOF). Delay time in miliseconds. Default to. toxy. Close({ delay: 2. Poisoning Phase. incoming / outgoing. Reaches the server. Restricts the amount of packets sent over the network in a specific threshold time frame. Packet chunk size in bytes. Default to. - Data chunk delay time frame in miliseconds. Default to. toxy. Abort connection. Poisoning Phase. incoming / outgoing. Reaches the server. Aborts the TCP connection. From the low- level perspective, this will destroy the socket on the server, operating only at TCP level without sending any specific HTTP application level data. Aborts TCP connection after waiting the given miliseconds. Default to. , the connection will be aborted if the target server takes more than the. Default to. - Custom internal node. Default to. // Basic connection abort. Abort after a delay. In this case, the socket will be closed if. Poisoning Phase. incoming / outgoing. Reaches the server. Defines a response timeout. Useful when forward to potentially slow servers. Timeout limit in miliseconds. How to write poisons. Poisons are implemented as standalone middleware (like in connect/express). Here's a simple example of a server latency poison. Latency(delay) {. We name the function since toxy uses it as identifier to get/disable/remove it in the future. Latency(req, res, next) {. Timeout(clean, delay). Close). function on. Close() {. clear. Timeout(timeout). Listener('close', on. Close). var proxy = toxy(). Register and enable the poison. Latency(2. 00. 0)). You can optionally extend the build- in poisons with your own poisons. Poison(custom. Latency). Then you can use it as a built- in poison. Latency). For featured real example, take a look to the. Requirements: Windows 2000 / XP / Vista / Windows 7 / XP 64-bit / Vista 64-bit / Windows 7 64-bit / Windows 8 / Windows 8 64-bit / Windows 10 / Windows 10 64-bit. · Microsoft has delivered a preview version of its Windows Essentials 2012 suite, the follow-up to its Windows Live Essentials solution. As expected, the.![]() Trillian - Free download and software reviews. Trillian is one of the most popular and best- rated standalone IM programs because it works so well with so many different chat apps and social networks; from Skype to Facebook and Twitter, and AIM, ICQ, and XMPP. Trillian lets you follow your conversations on mobile devices and unfamiliar computers without compromising your security, and its transparent privacy policy helps keep you informed, as well as safe. Andy is the best Android emulator available. Andy provides an easy way to download and install Android apps and games for your Windows PC or Mac. Internet Explorer (formerly Microsoft Internet Explorer and Windows Internet Explorer, commonly abbreviated IE or MSIE) is a series of graphical web browsers. ![]() Trillian is available in several packages: an ad- supported Free version, an ad- free, Cloud- enhanced Pro version with an annual subscription, and a Lifetime version. Users must be 1. 3 or older to access Trillian's network. We tried the latest freeware release, Trillian 5. Windows 7. Trillian offers several setup options, and the installer automatically removes old files if you're upgrading. We declined the option to run Trillian when Windows starts since we like a fast, clean boot with minimal Internet queries, but heavy chatters may prefer to get right at it. The first step is to sign in or create a new account; the next involves entering user names and passwords for Windows Live Messenger, Google Talk, ICQ, Skype, and other IM networks; and then just set up social networks: Facebook, Twitter, Linked. In, and Foursquare. Signing in is easy; just click the appropriate network or site and log on as usual. Trillian asks to access your data (accepted) and post to friends (declined) just like the networks you access, and we could also opt to stay signed in through Trillian. We configured the e- mail accounts we wanted Trillian to follow and pressed "Done." Electronic tones signaled the program's launch, and Trillian logged on and started following our conversations in a narrow window with browser- like features. Trillian is so popular in part because it takes care of a nagging problem with chat apps: Too many apps and not enough chat. We're sure we still have forgotten accounts with some equally forgotten social networks; Trillian can help prevent that, and also the problem, perhaps more annoying, of falling behind in conversations because of forgetting to check a feed, site, or thread. So see for yourself why so many users stick with Trillian. Download Windows patches, service packs and updates for Windows XP, Windows 7, Windows Vista, Server 2. ![]() USA.com provides easy to find states, metro areas, counties, cities, zip codes, and area codes information, including population, races, income, housing, school. Este TEU, está basado en una recopilacion de utilerias,que de acuerdo a las necesidades de Reparación de un PC exige, cada caso no es el mismo, ya que por eso. You have not yet voted on this site! If you have already visited the site, please help us classify the good from the bad by voting on this site. Google Removes 3. Apps Used to Launch DDo. S Attacks From Play Store. Google has removed roughly 3. Play Store after security researchers from several internet infrastructure companies discovered that the seemingly harmless apps—offering video players and ringtones, among other features—were secretly hijacking Android devices to provide traffic for large- scale distributed denial of service (DDo. S) attacks. The botnet, nicknamed Wire. X, caught the attention of security researchers at the content delivery network Akamai when it was used to attack one of its clients earlier this month. Akamai’s client, a multinational hospitality company, was hit with traffic from hundreds of thousands of IP addresses. We identified approximately 3. Play Store, and we’re in the process of removing them from all affected devices,” a Google spokesperson said in a statement. The researchers’ findings, combined with our own analysis, have enabled us to better protect Android users, everywhere.” The nefarious apps provided a variety of apparently legitimate services, with malware hidden underneath that could use an Android device to quietly participate in a DDo. ![]() S attack, so long as the device was powered on. It’s not clear how many devices were infected—one Akamai researcher told journalist Brian Krebs that that number could be around 7. After noticing the attack on one of its customers, Akamai brought in researchers from a handful of tech companies including Cloudflare, Flashpoint, Google, Oracle Dyn, Risk. IQ, and Team Cymru. The group believes that the infected devices are spread throughout 1. In one instance, a Wire. X attack was accompanied by a ransom email, Cloudflare’s head of trust and safety Justin Paine told Gizmodo. Torrentz will always love you. Farewell. © 2003-2016 Torrentz. Once the larger collaborative effort began, the investigation began to unfold rapidly starting with the investigation of historic log information, which revealed a connection between the attacking IPs and something malicious, possibly running on top of the Android operating system,” the researchers wrote in a joint blog post. The best thing that organizations can do when under a DDo. S attack is to share detailed metrics related to the attack. With this information, those of us who are empowered to dismantle these schemes can learn much more about them than would otherwise be possible.”This is just the latest example of apps containing malware making their way into the Google Play Store. Earlier this month, Google booted several apps that contained hidden surveillance software. Just last week, researchers found banking malware in the Play Store. With all these apps sneaking into Play, it’s up to you to protect yourself and your Android device. If you’re ever in doubt about whether an app is safe, do some research on the developer and check out what permissions the app wants on your phone. You’ve spotted an app, site, or service you like the look of, it’s completely free to use, and so…Read more [Akamai, Krebs on Security]. Store & share your files with uploaded. Learn more about our services (video)After entering your e. Mail addres and receipt of your registration you'll simultaneously receive your personal access data from us. This is always free of charge. Zyxel Forum | Zyxel. ![]() Download the free trial version below to get started. Double-click the downloaded file to install the software. · Hello Adobe Community, As of this morning I have been unable to play flash videos, through youtube for example, as they stop playing after a few. Read tech specs and system requirements required to install flash player on windows, mac and linux. ![]() Install Adobe Flash Plugin Ubuntu Forums ThreadsFree plans and tutorial to create your own DIY Bathroom Mirror Storage Case! These are perfect for adding storage to small bathrooms and maximizing space! ![]() Ask Maria: About Kitchen Cabinet Uppers and Lowers in Different Colours - Maria Killam. I’ve been receiving questions on two- toned cabinets lately and I can’t believe I’ve never addressed them on the blog. Here is my lovely readers question: I’m about to refinish my 9. I’m thinking Fieldstone lowers and Gray Cashmere uppers. Do you think this is a trend or is this a classic look? I hesitate to do this until I get the Maria Killam stamp of approval. Can you tell us when or if this is ever a good idea? Often when we’re looking for inspiration photos to help us plan a renovation or new build, we’re looking at photos like this (below). Gorgeous kitchens in high- end homes that most of us don’t live in. Master cabinet making, and you open the door to many projects; cabinets for your shop or kitchen, bathroom vanities, book cases, dressers and more. The construction. I have been organizing over the weekend while I was waiting for paint to dry on a few projects that I have been working on. The biggest one – the wood file cabinet. This is another reason why I talk so much about classic and timeless finishes that seem boring to some people. Most of the time, a new trend is incorporated the wrong way if you’re doing an update, on your own, without a designer. For example, you fall in love with a large scale encaustic tile for a space that is way too small to handle it, or you take another interesting patterned tile and decide to install it on your backsplash along with a patterned granite countertop. Here’s the thing. I’ve said many times before, if you think my advice to install subway tile for your backsplash must mean I have zero creativity, you can keep clicking. There’s lots of people who could live with this backsplash (below) for a long time and are very happy they found my advice BEFORE they installed the trendy backsplash tile they were originally considering. Image source. Back to inspiration images. The problem with them is that the average house doesn’t look like this kelly green kitchen (above). In this kitchen, the kelly green lowers and white uppers look right as rain. I've been receiving questions on two-toned cabinets lately and I can't believe I've never addressed them on the blog. Here is my lovely readers question: I'm about to.To my eye anyway. And here’s why it works. The white subway tile relates to the white uppers. Kelly green looks amazing with black and white. Here’s an entire kitchen in kelly green. Which one do you prefer? Interior Design by Bailey Mc. Carthy. What else are you installing? It’s very important that you choose everything before you simply choose different colours for your uppers and lowers. Most people make random colour choices without thinking through what the rest of their finishes will be or how the colours in their kitchen will flow with the rest of their house. I can’t tell you how many times people would walk into the paint store with their countertop or tile sample and were SURPRISED when I chose a colour that RELATED to said tile or countertop. So let’s explore some more of them shall we? Here’s a trendy grey on the lowers: via pinterest. And notice that it needs the carpet that relates to the lowers, otherwise the grey is all by itself–especially because the beams in this kitchen appear to be taupe–don’t relate to the cabinets. Why this works. House & Home. The backsplash tile here relates to the uppers and the lowers making this kitchen look well thought out. Home. Bunch. Here the ALL CHARCOAL kitchen looks a little heavy (above). If you are going to choose a trendy colour like charcoal grey for your cabinets, better to keep them on the lowers like the first image. At least the hardwood floors here are perfect. via Desire to Inspire. The darkest colour should usually go on the bottom. There’s nothing wrong with this kitchen (above) but to my eye the charcoal should have been on the lowers. Pinterest. However, most kitchens have pantry walls now so then you have to choose which colour goes on the pantry wall if you’re going to have dual coloured kitchen cabinets. Pinterest. I would consider leaving the pantry wall in white if you have to choose (above). Pinterest. I prefer a little wood in a completely modern kitchen with white slab doors (above). Here the upper shelving relates to the lowers which makes sense visually. BHGIf I had to choose two colours for my kitchen, I would probably choose stained cabinets on the lowers to relate to the hardwood floors and then white for the uppers. It still feels light and fresh but the lowers (which take most of the beating with wear and tear) feel like furniture here instead of kitchen cabinets. Also, note that again, this is a higher end kitchen with high ceilings. Take an off- the- shelf builder kitchen without the furniture look of this kitchen and it would not look nearly as amazing! Bottom line, if you are in love with grey and want to incorporate it into your kitchen, trendy or not, perhaps keep it on the lowers. Easier to change down the road when you fall out of love with grey. Which, by- the- way, will happen. Just like you’re probably not considering espresso brown right now, but you might have been a short 5 or 7 years ago when brown was on trend. If you are considering a colour and not a neutral, make sure it relates to something. When you paint both uppers and lowers the same colour, they relate. But if you simply have navy blue lowers for example, it doesn’t look like a designer has been there if you don’t repeat that navy elsewhere in the kitchen. Don’t forget about Contrast. If you’re going to install contrasting colours, which usually means darker on the bottom, keep your countertop a solid white or cream. In all the images I viewed when writing this post, the kitchens I liked the least where ones with granite countertops. It just starts looking too busy when you add granite to a two- toned kitchen. One more thing, you might be considering two colours because you want your kitchen to look ‘interesting’. Interesting comes from styling which is way easier to switch out than a trendy colour that will date your kitchen faster than anything else. That’s my classic and timeless advice for the week! Which kitchen is your favourite? If you have a question for my Ask Maria posts, please post it in the comments below! If you would like your kitchen to fill you with happiness when you walk in the door, check out my e. Design packages. Related posts: When Should You Rip Out Brand New Tile? Can Your House be Trendy & Classic at the Same Time? One More Reason You Should Skip Accent Tiles Altogether.
Elite: Dangerous Review - IGN. By Rob Zacny. Elite: Dangerous is one of the most enthralling and evocative space combat and trade sim games I've ever played. It's also one of the most boring. It's both. I've spent weeks waiting for the moment that something would click and I'd understand how to play Elite in a way that was consistently enjoyable and engaging, but that moment hasn’t come yet. Though my understanding and enjoyment increased with greater experience, that cycle of brief, intense emotional peaks and long, shallow valleys of boredom never changed. YouTuber McMakistein recreated a fully playable version of the Overwatch character Doomfist in Minecraft. It is fundamental to Elite's identity. Elite encapsulated itself during one of my most recent sorties. I was doing "one last flight" before bed when I spotted a lucrative contract for a cargo run to Jordan Stop, a semi- legal mining outpost in the the absolute middle of nowhere. The space station is roughly 2. There are no stars anywhere nearby, nor any other planets or asteroid belts. Places like Jordan Stop are why I've started keeping a book within reach when I play Elite, and have had to start making new music playlists just to keep things fresh. Why do I keep going back to Jordan Stop? It has some of the absolute rock- bottom prices for metals and minerals in Elite’s massive galaxy. It also does a brisk trade in gray- market and black- market goods, and there are never any cops around to scan your cargo and raise a stink. It's also largely ignored by other players, who tend to cluster along more popular trade lanes and ambush unwary travellers. I can take some scavenged illegal goods out to Jordan Stop and sell them for pure profit, and then pick up a load of precious metals and take it back to a wealthier, more central system and turn my small pile of money into a huge one. All without worrying too much about getting chain- harassed by griefing pirates. This is my life as a small businessman and part- time smuggler in Elite. Sometimes I question why I'm playing something that sometimes feels remarkably like shift- work at a particularly boring store or factory. Yet I still come back, and still take satisfaction in striking a good deal, even though the only things to spend money on are bigger ships and weapons that let me do even more of the exact same kind of work. ![]() On this trip, though, my increasingly sullen reverie was shattered about 5. Jordan Stop. My rocked violently and the hull started groaning and bang as someone hit me with a Frameshift Interdictor – the favorite tool of pirates, bounty hunters, assassins, and all- around jerks. I didn't know how long I'd been stalked through this deserted stretch of extra- nothingness, but another pilot had come up behind me and hooked me like a fish. I was fighting with my spaceship, trying to escape the Interdictor’s hold by pointing my nose oriented with the escape vector that would let me out of the trap. But after a minute of struggling against my stricken Adder, I noticed that I was about to slam into the nameless planet that Jordan Stop orbits, which suddenly loomed outside my cockpit window. I gave up the fight and let the interdictor snap me out of frameshift before he could slam me into it and scavenge my cargo from the wreckage. But there was no time to rest: I hit the red stud on my flight stick and deployed my weapon hardpoints. My ship - an Adder - is just okay. It's like a having a really sweet van in high school; not the flashiest thing around, but still fun to drive irresponsibly fast and you can get up to all kinds of mischief with it. It's not a dogfighter, and it fares especially poorly in the turning- duels that combat in Elite boils down to. But it's also not a beached whale of a spaceship like some of the long- range haulers are (though those are tough enough, thanks to their sheer size and turreted weapons). More importantly, however, is that mine is upgraded with a trio of weapons that collectively cost far more than the ship itself. It carries two beam lasers that sustain a high- power blast of energy for as as long as you hold down the trigger, and a single cannon that fires slow- moving but awesomely destructive kinetic slugs. The pirate was right behind me, flying a speedier and more nimble Cobra…. I brought my guns to bear. The beam lasers lanced out and converged on his ship, and a few seconds later his shields flickered out. A snap- shot with the cannon blasted into his hull as he flew past. He was badly wounded and maneuvering poorly, realizing that suddenly this was no longer a dogfight. It was a slugging match, and I had the brass knuckles. A few minutes later, as I watched my beam lasers carve through the pirate's hull, leaving a superheated streak of molten metal over the power core that began to widen as the ship breaks apart, I had an enormous, evil, Grinch- like smile on my face… but it soon faded as I returned to the drudgery of the cargo haul. That's Elite. Elite is that long, boring drive through an empty interstellar highway, fiddling with the radio to find something that will help keep you awake. And then, for a few minutes, Elite yanks you out of your chair and into a cockpit of a stricken starship, with nobody around to rescue you and scant seconds to prepare for the fight of your life. As I've become more flexible with my approach to Elite, I've been rewarded by the sheer variety of things it’ll throw in my path when I'm willing to stop and smell the hydrogen. Some speculative cargo- hauling leads me to an unexplored star system, which leads me to some freelance cartography. But while I'm taking navigation readings that I'll be able to sell later — and enjoying the stunning scenery of space that Elite capture better than any other game I've seen — I’ll spot a highly- rated pilot with a fat bounty on her head. Then I'll spend a few minutes chasing her around the solar system, trying to get within interdiction range so I can force her into a fight and collect the bounty. Or I can do the same thing to another trader, and engage in some piracy (though the moment you attack another pilot, even with a stray shot in the middle of a battle, you get a bounty on your head). Later, I might find sketchy contraband adrift in space near the wreckage of a cargo vessel, and have to decide whether I feel like taking the risk to do some smuggling, or if I should just get on with my legal business. It's easy to spend a lot of pleasant time aimlessly wandering and fighting because it does such a tremendous job of making each ship feel distinctive, and immersing you in the role of the pilot. I absolutely love that I can also control my ship through the in- game displays and control panels instead of memorizing countless keyboard shortcuts. My desk, monitor, keyboard, and flight stick all of that kind of disappear, and my awareness is largely confined to the game itself. Frontier has also done a tremendous job with peripheral support. I played with a joystick and throttle, and was amply rewarded for it, though it handles fine with an Xbox controller or even the mouse. Likewise, my Track. IR head- tracker worked perfectly the first time I launched (and actually makes it really easy to utilize that cockpit interface to its best potential). I'd actually recommend having a flight stick and throttle for this game, especially if you're going to turn off flight assist to execute real zero- G combat maneuvers like rotating your ship (and guns) while still traveling in a straight line. Yet for all the freedom in Elite and the superb graphics and sound, I still find it a little too barren of character and flavor in this world. News bulletins tell me that the Federation is teetering as its productive colonies secede rather than pay taxes to a decadent and exhausted core.. You won't meet anyone with an opinion on this brewing civil war, or receive a mission that somehow gets you involved in the fate of a star system. The Federation forces seem interchangeable with local police forces, which are almost indistinguishable from the navy of the Autocracy.- I haven't had any mission chains that give me a taste of what's going on in the fiction of Elite. Each mission ends with a dry summary explaining that you've helped one faction or hurt another, and as a result a given star system is marginally richer or more chaotic than it was before. Not that you'll notice as you travel to one of three main types of space station and see the exact same variety of ships doing the exact same thing as they were at the place you just left. @Andres – Sybase date format is not matched with SQL Server date format. If you are using ODBC driver then update in ODBC entry for AFTER connecting. Open Database Connectivity - Wikipedia. In computing, Open Database Connectivity (ODBC) is a standard application programming interface (API) for accessing database management systems (DBMS). The designers of ODBC aimed to make it independent of database systems and operating systems. An application written using ODBC can be ported to other platforms, both on the client and server side, with few changes to the data access code. ![]() ODBC accomplishes DBMS independence by using an ODBC driver as a translation layer between the application and the DBMS. The application uses ODBC functions through an ODBC driver manager with which it is linked, and the driver passes the query to the DBMS. An ODBC driver can be thought of as analogous to a printer driver or other driver, providing a standard set of functions for the application to use, and implementing DBMS- specific functionality. An application that can use ODBC is referred to as "ODBC- compliant". Any ODBC- compliant application can access any DBMS for which a driver is installed.
Fix List for DB2 Version 9.7 for Linux, UNIX and Windows.Drivers exist for all major DBMSs, many other data sources like address book systems and Microsoft Excel, and even for text or comma- separated values (CSV) files. ODBC was originally developed by Microsoft and Simba Technologies during the early 1. Call Level Interface (CLI) standardized by SQL Access Group in the Unix and mainframe field. ODBC retained several features that were removed as part of the CLI effort. ![]() Full ODBC was later ported back to those platforms, and became a de facto standard considerably better known than CLI. The CLI remains similar to ODBC, and applications can be ported from one platform to the other with few changes. History[edit]Before ODBC[edit]The introduction of the mainframe- based relational database during the 1. Generally these systems operated together with a simple command processor that allowed users to type in English- like commands, and receive output. The best- known examples are SQL from IBM and QUEL from the Ingres project. These systems may or may not allow other applications to access the data directly, and those that did use a wide variety of methodologies. The introduction of SQL aimed to solve the problem of language standardization, although substantial differences in implementation remained. Also, since the SQL language had only rudimentary programming features, users often wanted to use SQL within a program written in another language, say Fortran or C. This led to the concept of Embedded SQL, which allowed SQL code to be embedded within another language. For instance, a SQL statement like SELECT * FROM city could be inserted as text within C source code, and during compiling it would be converted into a custom format that directly called a function within a library that would pass the statement into the SQL system. Results returned from the statements would be interpreted back into C data formats like char * using similar library code. There were several problems with the Embedded SQL approach. Like the different varieties of SQL, the Embedded SQLs that used them varied widely, not only from platform to platform, but even across languages on one platform – a system that allowed calls into IBM's DB2 would look very different from one that called into their own SQL/DS.[dubious– discuss] Another key problem to the Embedded SQL concept was that the SQL code could only be changed in the program's source code, so that even small changes to the query required considerable programmer effort to modify. The SQL market referred to this as static SQL, versus dynamic SQL which could be changed at any time, like the command- line interfaces that shipped with almost all SQL systems, or a programming interface that left the SQL as plain text until it was called. Dynamic SQL systems became a major focus for SQL vendors during the 1. Older mainframe databases, and the newer microcomputer based systems that were based on them, generally did not have a SQL- like command processor between the user and the database engine. Instead, the data was accessed directly by the program – a programming library in the case of large mainframe systems, or a command line interface or interactive forms system in the case of d. BASE and similar applications. Data from d. BASE could not generally be accessed directly by other programs running on the machine. Those programs may be given a way to access this data, often through libraries, but it would not work with any other database engine, or even different databases in the same engine. In effect, all such systems were static, which presented considerable problems. Early efforts[edit]By the mid- 1. Lotus 1- 2- 3 led to an increasing interest in using personal computers as the client- side platform of choice in client- server computing. Under this model, large mainframes and minicomputers would be used primarily to serve up data over local area networks to microcomputers that would interpret, display and manipulate that data. For this model to work, a data access standard was a requirement – in the mainframe field it was highly likely that all of the computers in a shop were from one vendor and clients were computer terminals talking directly to them, but in the micro field there was no such standardization and any client might access any server using any networking system. By the late 1. 98. Some of these were mainframe related, designed to allow programs running on those machines to translate between the variety of SQL's and provide a single common interface which could then be called by other mainframe or microcomputer programs. These solutions included IBM's Distributed Relational Database Architecture (DRDA) and Apple Computer's Data Access Language. Much more common, however, were systems that ran entirely on microcomputers, including a complete protocol stack that included any required networking or file translation support. One of the early examples of such a system was Lotus Development's Data. Lens, initially known as Blueprint. Blueprint, developed for 1- 2- 3, supported a variety of data sources, including SQL/DS, DB2, FOCUS and a variety of similar mainframe systems, as well as microcomputer systems like d. Base and the early Microsoft/Ashton- Tate efforts that would eventually develop into Microsoft SQL Server.[1] Unlike the later ODBC, Blueprint was a purely code- based system, lacking anything approximating a command language like SQL. Instead, programmers used data structures to store the query information, constructing a query by linking many of these structures together. Lotus referred to these compound structures as query trees. Around the same time, an industry team including members from Sybase (Tom Haggin), Tandem Computers (Jim Gray & Rao Yendluri) and Microsoft (Kyle G)were working on a standardized dynamic SQL concept. Much of the system was based on Sybase's DB- Library system, with the Sybase- specific sections removed and several additions to support other platforms. DB- Library was aided by an industry- wide move from library systems that were tightly linked to a specific language, to library systems that were provided by the operating system and required the languages on that platform to conform to its standards. This meant that a single library could be used with (potentially) any programming language on a given platform. The first draft of the Microsoft Data Access API was published in April 1. Lotus' announcement of Blueprint. In spite of Blueprint's great lead – it was running when MSDA was still a paper project – Lotus eventually joined the MSDA efforts as it became clear that SQL would become the de facto database standard. After considerable industry input, in the summer of 1. SQL Connectivity (SQLC). SAG and CLI[edit]In 1. Unix and database communities, formed the SQL Access Group (SAG) in an effort to produce a single basic standard for the SQL language. At the first meeting there was considerable debate over whether or not the effort should work solely on the SQL language itself, or attempt a wider standardization which included a dynamic SQL language- embedding system as well, what they called a Call Level Interface (CLI). While attending the meeting with an early draft of what was then still known as MS Data Access, Kyle Geiger of Microsoft invited Jeff Balboni and Larry Barnes of Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) to join the SQLC meetings as well. SQLC was a potential solution to the call for the CLI, which was being led by DEC. |
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